Discrete Filter Notes (PDF 36p)
The objective of this section will be to show how to use the first- and second-order filters to achieve higher order filters. We shall also introduce a general, second-order stage called the biquad.
Discrete Filter Notes (PDF 30p)
The other approach uses a ladder configuration and is presented in this section. Both approaches are used to design successful higher-order active filters. The cascade approach is easier to design and tune but does not have the insensitivity to component variation found in the ladder approach.
Fundamental IC Noise paper (PDF)
Most people find the subject of noise mysterious, and there is, under- standably, much confusion about it. Although the fundamental physical concepts behind noise are simple. much of this simplicity is often obscured by the mathematics invoked to compute expressions for the noise.
Procedures for Output Filtering Lab
In this lab, you complete the quarter project. First, you verify that the entire project can be powered from a 10 V supply rail (provided by two different LM317 type regulators). Next, you build and test the filter that smooths the demodulated signal. Penultimately, you build and test the high current output stage that drives an 8 Ω speaker. Finally, you integrate all components together. In this document, we present some basic topics and procedures to help you complete (and understand) the lab.
Advanced Filter Design
Some important notes on Filter design.
ACTIVE FILTERS AND FREQUENCY PROFILES (PDF 30p)
NOTES On ACTIVE FILTERS AND FREQUENCY PROFILES.
A Basic Introduction to Filters, Active, Passive, and Switched Capacitor (PDF 22p)
Filters of some sort are essential to the operation of most electronic circuits. It is therefore in the interest of anyone involved in electronic circuit design to have the ability to develop filter circuits capable of meeting a given set of specifications.
Active Filters
Active filters produced by Filter Solutions and Filter Light are created from the transfer functions displayed in the transfer function selection page. There is no need to view the transfer functions. The translation to active filters is made internally. Transfer functions are created in three forms, Standard, Cascade, and Parallel. Cascade and parallel transfer functions consist of first and second order terms that are cascaded or summed in parallel together.
Filter Design Guide
An active filter contains an amplifier whose output is connected to its input through passive components, usually capacitors and resistors. This feedback of the output to the input allows us to build filters with imaginary poles using capacitors and resistors alone. Without feedback, a filter with imaginary poles must have both inductors and capacitors. The main purpose of active filters is to eliminate inductors and decrease the value of the filter's capacitors.
Active Filter Design Techniques (PDF 66p)
A filter is a device that passes electric signals at certain frequencies or frequency ranges while preventing the passage of others.
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CIRCUITS AND MACHINES LABORATORY
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